Python Operators are here is
In the example below, we use the + operator to add together two values:
ExampleGet your own Python Server
print(10 + 5)Python divides the operators in the following groups:
- Arithmetic operators
- Assignment operators
- Comparison operators
- Logical operators
- Identity operators
- Membership operators
- Bitwise operators
Python Arithmetic Operators
Arithmetic operators are used with numeric values to perform common mathematical operations:
| Operator | Name | Example | Try it |
|---|---|---|---|
| + | Addition | x + y | |
| - | Subtraction | x - y | |
| * | Multiplication | x * y | |
| / | Division | x / y | |
| % | Modulus | x % y | |
| ** | Exponentiation | x ** y | |
| // | Floor division | x // y |
Python Assignment Operators
Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables:
| Operator | Example | Same As | Try it |
|---|---|---|---|
| = | x = 5 | x = 5 | |
| += | x += 3 | x = x + 3 | |
| -= | x -= 3 | x = x - 3 | |
| *= | x *= 3 | x = x * 3 | |
| /= | x /= 3 | x = x / 3 | |
| %= | x %= 3 | x = x % 3 | |
| //= | x //= 3 | x = x // 3 | |
| **= | x **= 3 | x = x ** 3 | |
| &= | x &= 3 | x = x & 3 | |
| |= | x |= 3 | x = x | 3 | |
| ^= | x ^= 3 | x = x ^ 3 | |
| >>= | x >>= 3 | x = x >> 3 | |
| <<= | x <<= 3 | x = x << 3 | |
| := | print(x := 3) | x = 3 print(x) |
Python Comparison Operators
Comparison operators are used to compare two values:
| Operator | Name | Example | Try it |
|---|---|---|---|
| == | Equal | x == y | |
| != | Not equal | x != y | |
| > | Greater than | x > y | |
| < | Less than | x < y | |
| >= | Greater than or equal to | x >= y | |
| <= | Less than or equal to | x <= y |
Python Logical Operators
Logical operators are used to combine conditional statements:
| Operator | Description | Example | Try it |
|---|---|---|---|
| and | Returns True if both statements are true | x < 5 and x < 10 | |
| or | Returns True if one of the statements is true | x < 5 or x < 4 | |
| not | Reverse the result, returns False if the result is true | not(x < 5 and x < 10) |
Python Identity Operators
Identity operators are used to compare the objects, not if they are equal, but if they are actually the same object, with the same memory location:
| Operator | Description | Example | Try it |
|---|---|---|---|
| is | Returns True if both variables are the same object | x is y | |
| is not | Returns True if both variables are not the same object | x is not y |
Python Membership Operators
Membership operators are used to test if a sequence is presented in an object:
| Operator | Description | Example | Try it |
|---|---|---|---|
| in | Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is present in the object | x in y | |
| not in | Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is not present in the object | x not in y |
Python Bitwise Operators
Bitwise operators are used to compare (binary) numbers:
| Operator | Name | Description | Example | Try it |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| & | AND | Sets each bit to 1 if both bits are 1 | x & y | |
| | | OR | Sets each bit to 1 if one of two bits is 1 | x | y | |
| ^ | XOR | Sets each bit to 1 if only one of two bits is 1 | x ^ y | |
| ~ | NOT | Inverts all the bits | ~x | |
| << | Zero fill left shift | Shift left by pushing zeros in from the right and let the leftmost bits fall off | x << 2 | |
| >> | Signed right shift | Shift right by pushing copies of the leftmost bit in from the left, and let the rightmost bits fall off | x >> 2 |
Operator Precedence
Operator precedence describes the order in which operations are performed.
Example
Parentheses has the highest precedence, meaning that expressions inside parentheses must be evaluated first:
print((6 + 3) - (6 + 3))Example
Multiplication * has higher precedence than addition +, and therefor multiplications are evaluated before additions:
print(100 + 5 * 3)The precedence order is described in the table below, starting with the highest precedence at the top:
| Operator | Description | Try it |
|---|---|---|
() | Parentheses | |
** | Exponentiation | |
+x -x ~x | Unary plus, unary minus, and bitwise NOT | |
* / // % | Multiplication, division, floor division, and modulus | |
+ - | Addition and subtraction | |
<< >> | Bitwise left and right shifts | |
& | Bitwise AND | |
^ | Bitwise XOR | |
| | Bitwise OR | |
== != > >= < <= is is not in not in | Comparisons, identity, and membership operators | |
not | Logical NOT | |
and | AND | |
or | OR |
If two operators have the same precedence, the expression is evaluated from left to right.
Example
Addition + and subtraction - has the same precedence, and therefor we evaluate the expression from left to right:
print(5 + 4 - 7 + 3)
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